N-methylmorpholine N-oxide, also known as NMO, is a heterocyclic amine oxide and morpholine derivative. It is a colorless, water-soluble liquid with a mint-like odor. NMOs are used in organic chemistry as co-oxidants and sacrificial catalysts in oxidation reactions such as osmium tetroxide oxidation and Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation or oxidation with TPAP. NMO is commercially available as the monohydrate C5H11NO2 H2O and the anhydrous compound. The monohydrate is used as a solvent for cellulose in the Lyocell process to produce cellulose fibers.
NMO is a strong base and mild oxidizing agent. It is a nucleophile and a Lewis base. NMO is a versatile reagent that can be used in a variety of reactions.
NMO is a hazardous substance. It is a skin and eye irritant and respiratory irritant. NMO is also a suspected carcinogen.
Here are some safety precautions to take when dealing with NMO:
Wear gloves, safety glasses, and a lab coat when handling NMO.
Work in a well-ventilated area.
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
If NMO comes into contact with skin or eyes, wash immediately with soap and water.
If NMO is inhaled, remove victim to fresh air and give artificial respiration if necessary.
If NMO is swallowed, call a poison control center or go to a hospital right away.
NMO should be stored in a cool, dry place. Keep away from heat, light sources and sources of ignition. NMO should be stored in airtight containers.
